What generative engine optimization is, how it differs from SEO, and what we've found testing real buyer questions against the AI assistants each market can actually reach — written for principals, not marketers.
346 grounded answers across six assistants and two languages. English and Chinese answers share only 3 of their top 20 sources; aesthetics and legal share none. Full dataset as CSV and JSON.
Reference · maintained Which AI Assistants Actually Work in Hong KongChatGPT and Claude are geofenced out of Hong Kong; Gemini arrived in March 2026. Which assistants local customers can actually open, and why a single blended visibility score is the wrong measurement.
Reference · maintained The AI Crawler ReferenceEvery AI crawler user-agent that matters, the three different jobs they do, and which market each serves — including the Chinese-model crawlers most references omit, and why DeepSeek cannot be governed by robots.txt at all.
Reference · maintained The AI Search GlossaryThe vocabulary of AI search visibility, defined and connected — GEO, LLMO, AEO, grounding, retrieval, share of voice, hallucination. Every term links to what it relates to and what it is confused with.
Foundations What is Generative Engine Optimization?A working definition of GEO — the discipline of being cited, named, and recommended inside AI-generated answers — and why it matters for professional practices specifically.
Foundations GEO vs SEO vs AEO: What the Difference Actually IsThree overlapping terms, three different target surfaces. A precise comparison, with a table, and why most teams should treat them as one programme.
How-to How to Track Your Practice's Visibility in ChatGPTA practical method for measuring whether AI assistants mention and recommend your practice — including the questions to test and how to read the results.
Research How LLMs Choose What to CiteWhat published research on retrieval-augmented generation and citation behaviour actually shows — and what it implies for how a practice should structure its information.
Guide Choosing an AI Visibility PartnerThe questions worth asking before engaging any GEO or AI-visibility provider — and the claims that should give you pause.
Original research State of AI Search: Hong Kong Aesthetic Clinics & Law FirmsWe asked ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and Perplexity real questions about Hong Kong clinics and law firms, in English and Chinese, and tallied who they actually name.